The 120th return of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is called "Sima Yizhan, the North Plains Bridge, and Zhuge Liang, the wooden cow." This time, it shows that Zhuge Liang was out of Lushan Mountain, and Qiu Meng was awarded. The most important thing was to invent a new type of transportation tool called Mu Niu Liu Ma. The key is that this kind of transportation tool solves the grain and grass transportation of 100,000 troops, and is quite advanced, and does not use energy as a dependence.

Perhaps inspired by the Lubanmu horse, Zhuge Liang invented the wooden cow and used it to transport the military food on the rugged plank road, and "people do not work hard, cattle do not eat."

Is it a perpetual motion machine?

Is it really so magical? In fact, the wood machinery can be traced back to the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. For example, Wang Chong said in the "On Balance" that Luban made a wooden horse for his mother craftsmanship, and the organs were available.

In the Three Kingdoms era, Zhuge Liang invented the wooden cows and horses to transport the military food on the extremely rugged mountain roads. At the same time, it can be done, people are not very laborious, and cattle do not eat. But here is also pointed out that people are not too busy to be idle, and there must be some links waiting for them to form.

However, Zu Chongzhi, who was in the same period as the Northern and Southern Dynasties, also created a wooden cow, which is said in the book "The Biography of Nan Qi Shu Zu Chong". Zhuge Liang has a wooden cow and a horse. It is a device, not because of Feng Shui, it is self-transported and labor-free.

The problem is that there are so many, and there are many references to the classics, but we really don’t know anything about the information about the wooden cattle. From the ancient books, we can see that the description of the wooden cows is very exciting. However, there is no word in the production principle and craftsmanship. Chen Shou did not say that Luo Guanzhong did not even say anything.

The only thing that can be tested is that Zu Chongzhi’s record of the wooden cows and horses provides evidence for the concept of automatic machinery. This is a major point of view on the wooden cattle. It is considered that the use of gear making machinery in the Three Kingdoms is common, so the wood cows that we admire in the future are extremely It may be an automatic machine made using the principle of gears.

With regard to this statement of automatic machinery, the strict point should be semi-automatic. As the previous sentence is not laborious, the machine itself has certain capabilities, but it requires human pressure to operate.

There is a record in Chen Shidao of the Northern Song Dynasty that there is a small car in the middle of the mountain, and the eight stone is pushed in the middle. It is like a bull's head. There is a big car. It is pushed by four people, carrying ten stones, and covering the wooden cows. This kind of research is the most, as also stated in the high-writing "The Things in the Yuan", the wooden cow is now the leader of the car; the horse is now the only pusher.

Lin Qing of the Qing Dynasty also explained the earth-moving vehicles used in the water conservancy project at that time. The prime minister Zhuge Liang went out to make a wooden cow and a horse. Today’s earth-moving car is pushed alone, and it’s still stored.

In this way, the Miki is a wheelbarrow with a front-end, and the Rider is a single-car with no front. The problem is clear at once. In addition, after reviewing various historical materials and related literature, the wheelbarrow is the most likely to be a wooden cow. Editor / Zhao Jing