Since 2009, the Indonesian government has made systematic policy adjustments with the intention of changing the country's extensive economic model that has long relied on raw material exports, elevating its position in the global division of labor system, and promoting the long-term development of the Indonesian economy. Under the leadership of resource nationalism, Indonesia has been restricting the export of key minerals through regulations and policies since the Susilo government, and further improving relevant policies during the Joko government, forming a systematic strategy for key minerals.

For a long time, the Indonesian government has been dominated by resource nationalism, attempting to control the dominance of mineral development in the hands of domestic enterprises. But with the push of technological innovation, market competition, and domestic political changes, the Indonesian elite realized that sustained raw material exports would only deplete Indonesia's resource endowment in an unsustainable way and could not change Indonesia's position in the global division of labor system. Only by converting Indonesia's abundant resource endowment into added value that remains within the country can Indonesia truly achieve its development. Keywords: the Belt and Road news, the Belt and Road project, overseas project.

Overall, since the 21st century, the Indonesian government's management of key minerals can be roughly divided into three stages: the first stage is from 2009 to 2017, during which the Indonesian government initially promoted the management of key minerals and focused on downstream processing of minerals; The second stage is from 2017 to 2020, during which the Indonesian government's management policies for key minerals fluctuated. However, after adjustments, the management objectives were basically clarified, and nickel was used as a lever to promote the development of downstream industries; The third phase has been ongoing since 2020, with the Indonesian government linking key mineral management to the transition to clean energy and clarifying the downstream development direction of electric vehicle batteries, thereby promoting cooperation between Indonesia and other countries in mineral development. (This article is from the official website of Jian Dao: www.seetao.com. Reproduction without permission is prohibited, otherwise it will be prosecuted. Please indicate Jian Dao website+original link when reprinting.) Jian Dao website mechanical column editor/Zhou Yingwen